• Interaction between AhR and ligands leads to AhR transformat

  2024-11-29

  

  Interaction between AhR and ligands leads to AhR transformation (Fig. 1), characterized by a rapid receptor nuclear translocation and the formation of AhR/Arnt complex and the release of the chaperone proteins. Following AhR transformation, the AhR/Arnt complex binds to its cognate DNA consensus seq

• br Conclusions br Acknowledgments The authors are thankful t

  2024-11-29

  

  Conclusions Acknowledgments The authors are thankful to Hugo Santos, Olga Martinez and Ricardo Lacerda for the technical assistance provided in the maintenance of the aquaria. This work was supported by national funds, through FCT and co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)

• Adiponectin is an adipokine whose circulating level is deple

  2024-11-29

  

  Adiponectin is an adipokine whose circulating level is depleted in a number of metabolic diseases including insulin resistance, diabetes and cancer (Khan et al., 2015, Singh et al., 2014a, Singh et al., 2014b, Yamauchi et al., 2014). Despite its importance in health and pathophysiology, adiponectin

• Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide PACAP is

  2024-11-29

  

  Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a member of the secretin/growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)/vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) family, with potent anti-inflammatory and potent cytoprotective properties [[6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13]]. PACAP exists as

• Brain biopsy was performed from the white matter lesion

  2024-11-29

  

  Brain biopsy was performed from the white matter lesion around the posterior horn of the right lateral ventricle, and revealed inflammatory demyelination, such as myelin loss with relative preservation of axons, astrocytosis immnolabeled by Clodronate Disodium against glial fibrillary acidic protei

• br Acknowledgements MC and PD were funded by the Michael

  2024-11-29

  

  Acknowledgements MC and PD were funded by the Michael J Fox Foundation (Grant ID 9969). We would like to thank Pierluigi Saba, Francesco Traccis and Barbara Tuveri for their technical assistance. Introduction In the prostate, androgens play a crucial role in normal, BPH and cancerous growth b

• br Acknowledgments br Introduction Cancer is the leading cau

  2024-11-29

  

  Acknowledgments Introduction Cancer is the leading cause of mortality in the United States for those between the ages of 40–79 years, surpassing heart diseases by more than 100,000 deaths [1]. The cause of most cancer subtypes remains idiopathic and may arise out of ‘bad luck’ among otherwise

• Production of reactive oxygen species ROS during RSV infecti

  2024-11-28

  

  Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during RSV infection is one the important ways that neutrophils can injure the lungs [2], [24], [25]. Lipoxygenases are considered as an important source of producing ROS inside the EPZ031686 [26]. Several studies have indicated that the 12/15-LOX is a pr

• As the effects of baclofen on

  2024-11-28

  

  As the effects of baclofen on primary afferent activity are not reproduced by GABAA receptor agonists like muscimol and isoguvacine, this ionotropic receptor may play minimal role in the modulation of primary afferent activity. However, it is important to note that post-synaptic GABAA receptors rema

• br Leptin Adiponectin a permissive imbalance Leptin a

  2024-11-28

  

  Leptin/Adiponectin: a permissive imbalance Leptin, a satiety hormone, is encoded by the obesity (ob) gene. It essentially functions as an energy sensor which is involved in the regulation of body weight by sending signals to the H-Ser-OH to reduce appetite (Woods and D'Alessio, 2008). Obesity re

• br Conclusion We present here the

  2024-11-28

  

  Conclusion We present here the first comprehensive analysis of B-Raf-induced transcriptional activation in insulinoma cells. The B-Raf-induced signaling cascade targets the c-Fos and the c-Jun genes. Both gene products are constituents of the AP-1 transcription factor. The phosphatases MKP-1 and

• br Introduction The term antioxidant

  2024-11-28

  

  Introduction The term antioxidant derives from the prevention of the oxygen consumption. In the late of 19th centuries, antioxidants were generally used in industrial processes such as against to metal corrosion, vulcanization of rubber. Later on, the use of antioxidants to prevent the rancidity

• br Steroidogenesis in the skin The

  2024-11-28

  

  Steroidogenesis in the skin The synthesis of steroid hormones takes place in many tissues of which the adrenal glands, ovaries, testis, placenta and SB 415286 are considered to be classical steroidogenic organs. Nevertheless, skin constitutes an important peripheral steroidogenic tissue. Steroido

• br Experimental section br Introduction Microglia were disco

  2024-11-28

  

  Experimental section Introduction Microglia were discovered as a novel cell population in methysergide in 1933 by a Spanish physician and histologist Pío del Río-Hortega [1]. In the eye, scientists used Hortega's staining technique to label the microglia in the retinal outer plexiform layer (

• Mt a known to be upregulated by ozone Inoue et

  2024-11-28

  

  Mt2a, known to be upregulated by ozone (Inoue et al., 2008), was also increased in vehicle-pretreated rats exposed to ozone, however, this effect was markedly reduced by both PROP and MIFE, suggesting that the neuroendocrine response is linked to ozone-induced acute phase protein expression. In huma

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